I wanted to speak for a bit because with a federal election coming up, I feel like some people have a generally poor grasp of what Canada’s political parties actually are, ether because they don’t really think beyond headlines or social media posts.
Canada technically has about roughly eight political parties, though only four are considered to “matter” as of right now. To put it simply:
Leftist: Communist, Green, Liberal, NDP
Centrist: Bloc, Libertarian
Right Wing: Christian Nationalist, Conservative, People’s Party
The Liberal Party
The Liberal Party is the oldest political party in Canada and is currently the dominant party of Canada. The Liberals have won 60% of the elections and a large group of people tend to just vote Liberal out of habit.
The positions of the Liberal Party tend to swing wildly with it's leader. Justin Trudeau, the Liberal Party was staunchly Social Liberal, a brand of leftism that is oriented around strict government regulation and high taxes.
The weakness of the Liberal Party is that their desire for progressive policies is often at odds with their simultaneous desire to keep businesses happy. They're unwilling to accept that this isn't the 1940's anymore and private companies have gotten a lot greedier and more corrupt.
The New Democratic Party
The NDP is a Democratic Socialist party, the polar opposite of Liberals in theory, but in practice the NDP and the Liberals align on 95% of issues.
The NDP have never won a federal election, though they have been leader of the opposition exactly once. The NDP flourishes in Liberal minority governments by being able to leverage the Liberals for the other 5% of their agenda by forming a coalition government.
The NDP tend to have better luck securing provincial governments because issues like rent and healthcare are under provincial control.
The NDP's critical weakness is that helping the people is a secondary goal to dismantling capitalism, leading to a great deal of self-sabotage as they spend more time posturing at the Liberals over doing anything useful.
The Conservative Party
The Conservative Party is alleged Classical Liberalism (Reaganomics, Thatcherism, or Neo-liberalism). They are in the pockets of businesses and are predominately pro-America. The Conservative Party has existed in many forms over the years, but whatever their name, their policies are the same, cut taxes, cut social programs, and suck up to the President.
The Conservatives don't really have allies in parliament, so when they get a minority government, the Liberals and the NDP *could* effectively deadlock them, but they don’t because of the aforementioned posturing.
The Conservative Party's only real platform has been "I want that twink obliterated!", taking out new attack ads about Trudeau, astroturfing about carbon tax, and generally behaving like a drama influencer.